What Does WWJD Mean?

"WWJD" stands for "What Would Jesus Do?" and has become a significant phrase in contemporary Christian culture. Originating in the late 19th century, the acronym encapsulates a guiding principle for Christians seeking to align their actions with the teachings and example of Jesus Christ. Over the decades, "WWJD" has evolved from a theological concept into a popular slogan, permeating various aspects of society, from religious discourse to everyday decision-making. This essay delves into the origins, cultural impact, and enduring relevance of "WWJD," examining how this simple question continues to influence moral and ethical considerations in the modern world.

Historical Origins

The phrase "What Would Jesus Do?" can be traced back to the 1896 novel In His Steps by Charles Sheldon.

The book, which has sold over 30 million copies, tells the story of a pastor who challenges his congregation to live for one year by asking themselves, "What would Jesus do?" before making any decision. This challenge sparks a movement within the fictional town, leading to profound personal and communal transformation. Sheldon’s message was clear: by modeling one's actions on the life of Jesus, one can achieve a more virtuous and compassionate life.

*In His Steps* was part of the Social Gospel movement, which emphasized the application of Christian ethics to social issues such as poverty, inequality, and labor rights. The question "What Would Jesus Do?" became a rallying cry for those who sought to reform society by applying Christian principles to all areas of life. While the phrase faded somewhat in popularity after the initial surge of interest, it remained a potent reminder of the moral imperative to act in a Christ-like manner.

The Resurgence in the 1990s

"WWJD" experienced a significant resurgence in the 1990s, particularly within evangelical Christian circles. This revival was largely due to the efforts of Janie Tinklenberg, a youth leader in Holland, Michigan. Tinklenberg was inspired by Sheldon's book and wanted to create a tangible reminder for her youth group to live according to Christ's teachings. She designed bracelets with the letters "WWJD" on them, which quickly gained popularity beyond her local community. The bracelets became a widespread trend, especially among young Christians, symbolizing their commitment to living a life that reflects Jesus' values.

The 1990s revival of "WWJD" coincided with a broader cultural trend of branding and identity through merchandise. The simple yet profound question lent itself well to commercialization, with "WWJD" appearing on everything from T-shirts to keychains. However, while some critics argued that the commercialization diluted the spiritual significance of the phrase, others saw it as an effective way to spread Christian values in a secular world.

Theological Implications

At its core, "WWJD" is a call to discipleship, urging believers to reflect on how their actions align with the teachings of Jesus. It encourages a form of moral reasoning that is rooted in the example set by Christ, who is viewed by Christians as the ultimate moral authority. By asking "What would Jesus do?" individuals are prompted to consider the moral implications of their decisions and to choose actions that embody love, compassion, and justice.

The question also serves as a reminder of the transformative power of Jesus' teachings. In the Gospels, Jesus challenges social norms, advocates for the marginalized, and emphasizes the importance of humility, forgiveness, and self-sacrifice. By emulating these qualities, believers can work towards personal and societal transformation.

However, interpreting "WWJD" can be complex, as it requires understanding the historical and cultural context of Jesus' life, as well as the broader theological principles of Christianity. Different Christian denominations and traditions may have varying interpretations of what Jesus would do in a given situation, reflecting the diversity of thought within the Christian faith. This diversity can lead to different applications of "WWJD," ranging from personal behavior to social and political activism.

Cultural Impact

The cultural impact of "WWJD" extends beyond the religious sphere, influencing popular culture and secular ethics. The phrase has been parodied, referenced in television shows and movies, and used in political discourse. Its simplicity and versatility make it a powerful tool for conveying moral and ethical considerations in a variety of contexts.

For some, "WWJD" has become a shorthand for ethical decision-making, even outside of a strictly Christian framework. The idea of considering the actions of a moral exemplar before making a decision resonates with broader philosophical traditions, such as virtue ethics, which emphasize the importance of character and moral development. In this sense, "WWJD" can be seen as part of a larger conversation about how to live a good life, regardless of religious affiliation.

However, the widespread use of "WWJD" in popular culture has also led to concerns about its trivialization. Some argue that the phrase has become too commercialized and disconnected from its original spiritual meaning. When "WWJD" is used as a fashion statement or a marketing gimmick, it risks losing its power as a tool for serious moral reflection. Nevertheless, the enduring popularity of the phrase suggests that it continues to resonate with people, both as a religious principle and as a cultural symbol.

Criticisms and Challenges

While "WWJD" has been widely embraced, it has also faced criticism and challenges. One common critique is that the phrase oversimplifies complex moral and ethical issues. Asking "What would Jesus do?" may not always provide clear or actionable answers, especially in situations that Jesus did not directly address in the Gospels. Additionally, the question assumes a certain level of understanding of Jesus' teachings, which can vary widely among individuals and denominations.

Another challenge is the potential for "WWJD" to be used in a judgmental or exclusionary manner. In some cases, the question can be wielded as a tool for imposing one's own moral views on others, rather than fostering genuine reflection and dialogue. This risk is particularly pronounced in situations where there is disagreement over what Jesus would actually do in a given context.

Moreover, the commercialization of "WWJD" has raised concerns about the commodification of religious beliefs. When a profound spiritual question is reduced to a slogan on a bracelet, there is a danger that its significance will be diminished. Critics argue that the commercialization of "WWJD" reflects a broader trend of consumerism within American Christianity, where religious identity is increasingly expressed through the purchase of branded merchandise.

Enduring Relevance

Despite these criticisms, "WWJD" remains a powerful and enduring concept within Christian ethics. Its simplicity and directness make it accessible to people of all ages and backgrounds, while its focus on the life and teachings of Jesus provides a clear moral framework for believers. In a world that often feels morally complex and confusing, "WWJD" offers a way to navigate difficult decisions by grounding them in the example of Christ.

The phrase continues to be relevant in contemporary discussions about social justice, environmental stewardship, and ethical leadership. For example, the question "What would Jesus do?" has been invoked in debates over immigration policy, climate change, and economic inequality, with advocates arguing that Jesus' teachings call for compassion, care for the vulnerable, and a commitment to justice.

In addition, "WWJD" serves as a reminder of the importance of intentionality in the Christian life. By asking the question before making decisions, believers are encouraged to live with greater purpose and mindfulness, seeking to align their actions with their faith. This intentionality can lead to deeper spiritual growth and a stronger sense of connection to the teachings of Jesus.

"What Would Jesus Do?" is more than just a slogan; it is a profound ethical question that challenges believers to reflect on their actions in light of the teachings of Jesus Christ. From its origins in Charles Sheldon's novel In His Steps to its resurgence in the 1990s and its continued relevance today, "WWJD" has served as a guiding principle for millions of Christians around the world. While it has faced criticism and challenges, the phrase remains a powerful tool for moral reflection and spiritual growth. As society continues to grapple with complex moral and ethical issues, the question "What would Jesus do?" will likely continue to inspire and challenge believers to live in a way that reflects the love, compassion, and justice embodied by Christ.